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| {{italic title}} | | {{italic title}} |
| {{game infobox
| | '''''Mario's Time Machine''''' may refer to: |
| |title=Mario's Time Machine
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| |image=[[File:MTMCoverDos.jpg|250px]]
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| |developer=The Software Toolworks<br>[[Radical Entertainment]]
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| |publisher=The Software Toolworks
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| |release='''MS-DOS:'''<br>1993, 1994 (re-release)<br>'''SNES:'''<br>December 1993<br>'''NES:'''<br>June 1994<ref name=List>Nintendo. [https://web.archive.org/web/20050501150012/https://www.nintendo.com/consumer/downloads/completeoldgameslist.pdf Complete List of Games]. Retrieved March 21, 2016.</ref>
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| |genre=[[Genre#Edutainment|Educational]]
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| |modes=Single-player
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| |ratings={{ratings|esrb=K-A}}
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| |platforms={{wp|MS-DOS}}, [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]], [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]]
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| |media={{media|dos=1|snes=1|nes=1}}
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| |input={{input|pcmouse=1|snes=1|nes=1}}
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| }}
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| '''''Mario's Time Machine''''' is an [[Genre#Educational|educational]] game developed by [[Radical Entertainment]] that was released for MS-DOS and [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]] in 1993, with an [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] version later released in June 1994<ref name=List/> alternatively spelled ''Mario's Time Machine!'' It is the successor to ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'' It is intended to teach younger players basic world history and was the last game in the [[Mario Discovery (series)|''Mario Discovery'']] series. The original PC release was distributed via floppy disks, but there was a ''Deluxe'' version provided as a CD-ROM in 1994 which added voice acting and a Library reference file featuring [[Bowser's mother]]. | |
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| ==Story==
| | *''[[Mario's Time Machine (PC)|Mario's Time Machine]]'', the PC game. |
| In the year 1993 (1994 in the ''Deluxe'' re-release), [[Bowser]] uses a time machine called a "[[Timulator]]", traveling backwards to different points in [[Earth|human history]] and stealing significant artifacts to place in his personal [[Bowser's Museum|museum]] inside his [[Bowser's Castle|castle]]. With his collection nearly completed, Bowser gloats that not even Mario can stop him now. Mario realizes that history will change forever if he does nothing, so it is up to Mario to use Bowser's own device against him by returning the artifacts to their proper places in time.
| | *''[[Mario's Time Machine (Super Nintendo Entertainment System)|Mario's Time Machine]]'', the [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]] game. |
| | *''[[Mario's Time Machine (Nintendo Entertainment System)|Mario's Time Machine]]'', the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] game. |
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| The home console manuals add that Bowser plans to destroy his time machine, deliberately planning to irreversibly damage history and send the world back to the Dark Ages.<ref>''Mario's Time Machine'' SNES/NES instruction booklet, page 1.</ref> In the NES game, Bowser's Museum has been fully built and already established itself with history's greatest artifacts. [[Yoshi]] joins Mario in his quest to stop Bowser's plot, but instead gets captured when he scouts ahead. In addition to fixing the timeline, Mario must also rescue Yoshi from peril.
| | {{disambig}} |
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| ==Gameplay==
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| ===MS-DOS===
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| [[File:MariosTimeMachineMario.png|thumb|140px|Mario time traveling]]
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| [[File:Malleo in Mario’s Time Machine (MS-DOS).png|frame|left]]
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| The central hub of ''Mario's Time Machine'' is the museum within [[Bowser's Castle|Bowser's castle]]. The museum is three floors high, and on each floor lies five artifacts, giving Mario a total of fifteen periods of time to travel to. Mario must take an artifact from a pedestal, look at the date and location labeled on it, and then program that information into the time machine and travel to that point in the timeline. Mario surfs the ripples of time, collecting [[mushroom]]s and avoiding hazards.
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| When the player arrives in the time period, he must explore and converse with the various residents that live there. In doing so, the player learns about the artifact, the time period, and the person associated with it. To get more information, the player must receive items that some residents possess and give them to others in order to satisfy their needs. For example, in Vienna, one resident will complain about the heat until Mario retrieves a fan and hands it to the person, who will then continue to give information. After the player has talked to everyone, the player fills out a History answer sheet. The answer sheet consists of a two-page biography about the person associated with the artifact and the time period, with blanks replacing several words. The player must use the information they received to correctly fill in the blanks. If the player fills in the wrong answer more than twice, they are forced back into the present; if they succeed, Mario can return the artifact to its owner and return back to the present. After all of the artifacts on a floor have been returned, Mario moves upward to the next floor.
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| There are three different endings which are decided by how many points the player has scored and the order in which the artifacts are returned. If the player spends too much time returning all the artifacts or returns any artifacts in the wrong order, there is a non-standard [[Game Over]] in which Bowser escapes to "[[Paradise]]" using the time machine; or Mario gets sent to the [[Cretaceous Period]] where he looks in different directions of the screen (both being notable for being the only ways to get a Game Over). A message reminding the player to return all the artifacts either in a more timely manner or in the correct order appears on the screen. After that, the player must start over from the beginning, or use a password to go back to a previous point. However, if they meet these two objective conditions, the time machine overloads, self-destructs and sends Bowser to the Cretaceous Period where he gets stepped-on by a Tyrannosaurus Rex (humorously, right beforehand when he notices it, his eyes shrink with realization of what will happen to him and he meekly opens an umbrella in the hopes it will protect him), and a raptor then grabs his squished remains and throws them like a Frisbee.
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| ===SNES===
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| [[File:Mario in Mario's Time Machine.png|frame|left]]
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| Being a port of the PC release, the SNES version has a few changes to the original game. There is less content overall, so Mario travels to fewer time periods, and there are some graphical changes such as the design of the time machine. During the sequence on time's waves, Mario can move in all directions rather than just forward due to the use of Mode 7 on the water, and he must go in a [[whirlpool]] after collecting ten mushrooms. The true ending is similar to the DOS version, only Bowser's puddle remains on the ground throughout the entire credits, and in addition, Bowser only gapes upon noticing the T-Rex foot coming down on him.
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| {{br|left}} | |
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| ===NES===
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| [[File:Mario In Mario's Time Machine (NES).png|frame|left]]
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| Unlike ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'', the NES release is virtually a different game with little resemblance to its previous incarnations, traveling to very different time periods and restoring entirely different objects. Bowser's Museum is largely a hall with seven doors ending with Bowser's chamber. Behind each door is a ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]''-style mini-game involving [[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]]s with a unique item that can be acquired if Mario defeats all of them. The Timulator is in the bottom center of each room, and it is a [[Warp Pipe]] with a transparent box. Inside the Timulator, Mario can select pre-determined time periods rather than input them manually, although the location is not disclosed. Once warped across time and space, Mario will arrive at a short platforming land with enemies (Koopas, [[Bodyslam Koopa]]s, and [[Walking Turnip]]s) and occasionally indigenous inhabitants of the time period. There are also [[Message Block|information box]]es which describe the location. Mario must take the item acquired in the mini-game and return it to the appropriate spot - if it is in the incorrect place then it will return to the clutches of the Koopas via a [[Bird (Mario's Time Machine)|bird]] (or [[UFO|flying saucer]] when on the [[moon]]), but if Mario is right then he will complete that area. There are two artifacts in each door, so Mario must enter a door at least twice before he can close that section of the museum. After all the doors of the museum are cleared, the deeper part of the castle is available after Mario passes a random History Test about what he's learned. After beating Bowser, a key will be released and Mario will free Yoshi from his cage. In the end, Mario and Yoshi pose next to a saddened, crying Bowser.
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| ==Time periods==
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| The time periods that Mario visits in each version varies. Here is a chart of the location and artifact for the PC, SNES and NES versions in chronological order.
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| ===PC===
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| *369 BC — [[Athens]] ([[Plato]]'s ''[[Republic]]'')
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| *47 BC — [[Alexandria]] ([[Cleopatra]]'s [[Staff]])
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| *105 AD — [[Luoyang]] ([[Ts'ai Lun]]'s [[Bamboo]])
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| *1292 — [[Gobi Desert]] ([[Marco Polo]]'s [[Print Block]])
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| *1429 — [[Orleans]] ([[Joan of Arc]]'s [[Shield (Mario's Time Machine)|Shield]])
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| *1455 — [[Mainz]] ([[Johann Gutenberg]]'s [[Metal Type]])
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| *1503 — [[Florence]] ([[Michelangelo Buonarroti]]'s [[Chisel]])
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| *1505 — Florence ([[Leonardo Da Vinci]]'s [[Notebook]])
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| *1521 — [[Trinidad|Pacific Ocean]] ([[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s [[Astrolabe]])
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| *1595 — [[London]] ([[Queen Elizabeth I]]'s [[Crown]])
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| *1601 — [[Stratford-upon-Avon]] ([[William Shakespeare]]'s [[Skull (Mario's Time Machine)|Skull]])
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| *1610 — [[Padua]] ([[Galileo Galilei]]'s [[Telescope (Padua)|Telescope]])
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| *1687 — [[Cambridge]] ([[Isaac Newton]]'s [[Apple]])
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| *1752 — [[Philadelphia]] ([[Benjamin Franklin]]'s [[Key (Philadelphia)|Key]])
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| *1776 — Philadelphia ([[Thomas Jefferson]]'s [[Declaration of Independence]])
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| *1791 — [[Vienna]] ([[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s [[Flute (Mario's Time Machine)|Flute]])
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| *1824 — Vienna ([[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Music (item)|Music]])
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| *1831 — London ([[Michael Faraday]]'s [[Magnet (Mario's Time Machine)|Magnet]])
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| *1843 — London ([[Charles Dickens]]' [[Inkwell]])
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| *1863 — [[Washington, D.C.]] ([[Abraham Lincoln]]'s [[Spectacles (Washington, D.C.)|Spectacles]])
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| *1879 — [[Menlo Park]] ([[Thomas Edison]]'s [[Filament]])
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| *1885 — [[Paris]] ([[Louis Pasteur]]'s [[Flask (item)|Flask]])
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| *1915 — [[Tuskegee]] ([[George Washington Carver]]'s [[Crank Handle]])
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| *1947 — [[Calcutta]] ([[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s [[Flag (India)|Flag]])
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| *1993/1994 — [[Novato]] ([[David Grenewetzki]]'s [[Floppy Disk]])
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| ===SNES===
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| *369 BC — [[Athens]] ([[Plato]]'s ''[[Republic]]'')
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| *47 BC — [[Alexandria]] ([[Cleopatra]]'s [[Staff]])
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| *1292 — [[Gobi Desert]] ([[Marco Polo]]'s [[Print Block]])
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| *1429 — [[Orleans]] ([[Joan of Arc]]'s [[Shield (Mario's Time Machine)|Shield]])
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| *1455 — [[Mainz]] ([[Johann Gutenberg]]'s [[Metal Type]])
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| *1503 — [[Florence]] ([[Michelangelo Buonarroti]]'s [[Chisel]])
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| *1505 — Florence ([[Leonardo da Vinci]]'s [[Notebook]])
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| *1521 — [[Trinidad|Pacific Ocean]] ([[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s [[Astrolabe]])
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| *1595 — [[England]] ([[Queen Elizabeth I]]'s [[Crown]])
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| *1601 — [[Stratford-upon-Avon]] ([[William Shakespeare]]'s [[Skull (Mario's Time Machine)|Skull]])
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| *1687 — [[Cambridge]] ([[Isaac Newton]]'s [[Apple]])
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| *1776 — [[Philadelphia]] ([[Thomas Jefferson]]'s [[Declaration of Independence]])
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| *1824 — [[Vienna]] ([[Ludwig van Beethoven]]'s [[Music (item)|Music]])
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| *1879 — [[Menlo Park]] ([[Thomas Edison]]'s [[Filament]])
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| *1947 — [[Calcutta]] ([[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s [[Flag (India)|Flag]])
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| ===NES===
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| *80M BC — [[Cretaceous Period]] ([[Dinosaur Egg]])
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| *776 BC — {{wp|Olympia, Greece|Olympia}} ([[Torch (Mario's Time Machine)|Torch]])
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| *31 BC — [[Egypt]] ([[Cleopatra]]'s [[Throne]])
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| *1192 — [[Japan]] ([[Minamoto no Yoritomo]]'s [[Sword (item)|Sword]])
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| *1520 — The ''[[Trinidad]]'' ([[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s [[Steering Wheel]])
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| *1602 — [[United Kingdom]] ([[William Shakespeare]]'s [[Quill Pen (1602)|Quill Pen]])
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| *1687 — [[Cambridge University]] ([[Isaac Newton]]'s [[Apple]])
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| *1862 — [[Gettysburg]] ([[Abraham Lincoln]]'s [[Stovepipe Hat]])
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| *1879 — [[Menlo Park]] ([[Thomas Edison]]'s [[Light Bulb (item)|Light Bulb]])
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| *1903 — [[Kitty Hawk]] (the {{wp|Wright brothers}}' [[Propeller]])
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| *1905 — [[Germany]] ([[Albert Einstein]]'s [[Physics Equation]])
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| *1947 — {{wp|India}} ({{wp|India|Indian}} [[Flag (India)|Flag]])
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| *1969 — [[Moon]] ([[United States of America|American]] [[Flag (United States of America)|Flag]])
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| *1989 — [[Berlin Wall]] ([[Sledgehammer]])
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| ==Historical inaccuracies and other errors==
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| Despite ''Mario's Time Machine'' being intended as an educational game, it contains many errors in regards to its historical facts.
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| ;[[Alexandria]] (47 BC)
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| *This section centers on returning [[Cleopatra]]'s staff to her so that she can reign over Egypt; however, she first reigned in 51 BC (despite one of Cleopatra's guards saying that she was "crowned" in 52 BC) at the bequest of her father and alongside her brother, Ptolemy XIII. She then took sole control after a civil war between her and her brother in 47 BC.<ref>Anderson, Jaynie. ''Tiepolo's Cleopatra'', Macmillan, 2003, pp. 38–39.</ref>
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| *Cleopatra also says that her staff was passed down from her ancestors, although no such item exists in real life.
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| *Julius Caesar claims that he is allergic to [[cat (Mario's Time Machine)|cat]]s; though his family line, in general, was afflicted with asthma,<ref>Cantani, Arnaldo. "Asthma." ''Pediatric Allergy, Asthma and Immunology'', Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008, p. 724.</ref> Caesar is not known to have been allergic to or even afraid of cats.<ref>Hankins, Justine. "That Sinking Feline." ''The Guardian'', Guardian News and Media, 6 Nov. 2004, www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2004/nov/06/weekend.justinehankins. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref>
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| *Caesar also boasts about having conquered {{wp|Pompeii}}, despite the town having been acquired by Roman general {{wp|Sulla}} during the {{wp|Social War (91–88 BC)|Social War}} in 89 BC,<ref>Santangelo, Federico. "Warfare and Politics: Sulla in Italy." ''Sulla, the Elites and the Empire: A Study of Roman Policies in Italy and the Greek East'', vol. 8, Brill, 2007, pp. 68–69. Impact of Empire.</ref> before Caesar held any power.
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| *One of Cleopatra's guards asks Mario to give one of Cleopatra's handmaidens a [[Wooden Snake]] to demonstrate his love for her, and after receiving the gift, she makes a comment about being bitten by the "love scarab". Neither animal is associated with romance or love: snakes are the aggressive guardians of royalty,<ref>Arnold, Dorothea. "49. Cobra on Pharaoh's Forehead." ''An Egyptian Bestiary'', Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1995, p. 43.</ref> and can also symbolize chaos, <ref>Pinch, Geraldine. "Magic Figurines and Statues." ''Magic in Ancient Egypt'', University of Texas Press, 1995, p. 103.</ref> while scarabs symbolize the arrival of the Sun and the reincarnation of humans.<ref>Pinch, Geraldine. "Amulets." ''Magic in Ancient Egypt'', University of Texas Press, 1995, p. 109.</ref>
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| *Throughout several lines of dialogue, it is stated that "Ptolemy XI" is Cleopatra's father and "Ptolemy XII" is the brother that campaigns against Cleopatra. However, the numbers in their names are off by one: {{wp|Ptolemy XII Auletes|Ptolemy XII}} was the father and {{wp|Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator|Ptolemy XIII}} was the brother.
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| *Several characters also use dates with {{wp|Anno Domini|before Christ}}; for example, when the handmaiden says that Caesar arrived in Egypt "in 48 B.C.". Though these dates are not incorrect, they would have not been used by people who lived close to fifty years before the birth of {{wp|Jesus}}, and furthermore, this dating system was not created until 525.
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| *The history pages mention that Cleopatra had three sons with {{wp|Mark Anthony}}, despite one of her children, {{wp|Cleopatra Selene II}}, being female.
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| ;[[Athens]] (369 BC)
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| *[[Aristotle]] is depicted as an old man in-game, but as Aristotle was born in 384 BC,<ref>Boeckh, August (1858-1884). "August Boeckh's gesammelte kleine Schriften," page 195. B. G. Teubner, Leipzig.</ref> he would have only been fifteen years old. With that in mind, the rest of the interactions with him become anachronistic, as he only became Plato's student when he was seventeen or eighteen,<ref>Blits, Katherine C. (1999). "Aristotle: Form, function, and comparative anatomy". ''The Anatomical Record''.</ref> and thus, he has not yet formulated any of the theories that are discussed in-game.
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| *A councilman mentions that [[Plato]]'s [[Academy]] was founded "in 387 B.C." - while technically correct, a dating system based on {{wp|Jesus}} would not have been used by someone who lived over three hundred years before he was born.
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| *The same councilman also claims that the Academy will last for over nine hundred years. In reality, the Academy was destroyed in 86 BC.<ref>Reale, Giovanni, and John R. Catan (1990). ''A History of Ancient Philosophy: The schools of the Imperial Age'', pages 207-208. SUNY Press.</ref>
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| *He also does not know whether the god of wine's name is {{wp|Dionysus}} or Bacchus, despite "Bacchus" being the name adopted by the Romans.
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| *The history page describes the Academy as the first "university", which is incorrect as it did not offer any degrees to its students.
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| ;[[Cambridge]] (1687)
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| *The discovery of {{wp|calculus}} is attributed uniquely to Newton, despite {{wp|Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz}} also discovering calculus around the same time as Newton, albeit independently; this led to a debate as to who should receive recognition for the discovery.<ref>Hall, Alfred Rupert. ''Philosophers at War: The Quarrel between Newton and Gottfried Leibniz''. Cambridge University Press, 1980.</ref>
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| *Several characters state that Newton's [[Principia]] has not yet been published, for example, when [[Edmund Halley]] says that he is still working on the rough draft, but the book was published on July 5,<ref>Newton, Isaac. ''Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica''. Jussu Societatis Regiae Ac Typis Josephi Streater, 1687. University of Cambridge Digital Library, cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/PR-ADV-B-00039-00001/9.</ref> even though the game takes place on December 25.
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| *Halley also says that he tracked a {{wp|Halley's Comet|comet}} which orbited around the Earth in 1862. This is a typo; the comet passed by in 1682.<ref>Elizabeth Howell. "Halley's Comet: Facts About the Most Famous Comet." ''Space.com'', 19 Sept. 2017, 09:17pm ET, www.space.com/19878-halleys-comet.html. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| *A lecturer says that, while Newton was in his twenties, he said that his mind was "remarkably fit for invention." This quote seems to have been sourced from Leon M. Lederman and Dick Teresi's ''{{wp|The God Particle (book)|The God Particle}}'',<ref>Lederman, Leon M., and Dick Teresi. ''The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?''. Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993, p. 100.</ref> but the actual quote is "All this was in the two plague years of 1665 and 1666, for in those days I was in the prime of my age for invention and minded Mathematics and Philosophy more than at any time since."<ref>Hall, Alfred Rupert. ''Philosophers at War: The Quarrel between Newton and Gottfried Leibniz''. Cambridge University Press, 1980, pp. 10-11.</ref>
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| *If Mario offers Halley an apple, he replies that he has already eaten one today "so as to keep the doctor away." The proverb of "{{wp|an apple a day keeps the doctor away}}," however, first appeared in the 1860s.<ref>Ely, Margaret. "History behind 'An Apple a Day'." The Washington Post, WP Company, 24 Sept. 2013, www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/history-behind-an-apple-a-day/2013/09/24/aac3e79c-1f0e-11e3-94a2-6c66b668ea55_story.html. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| ;[[Florence]] (1503)
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| *[[Raphael Sanzio]] mentions that he is working on a portrait of the Pope, despite his portraits of {{wp|Portrait of Pope Julius II|Pope Julius II}} and {{wp|Portrait of Leo X (Raphael)|Leo X}} being painted in 1511–12 and 1518-19, respectively.
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| *Raphael also says that [[Michelangelo Buonarroti]]'s ''{{wp|David (Michelangelo)|David}}'' is thirteen-and-a-half feet tall, but it is actually seventeen feet tall.
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| *An unnamed painter says that Michelangelo left the tutelage of {{wp|Domenico Ghirlandaio}} simply because he was bored, but Ghirlandaio sent him to {{wp|Lorenzo de' Medici}} as one of his best pupils.<ref>Clément, Charles. ''Michelangelo'', Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, 1880, pp. 8–9.</ref>
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| **The history pages erroneously state that Michelangelo himself "broke his contract" with Ghirlandaio solely because he wanted to study the statues in Medici's garden.
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| *The same painter also gives Mario some "Renaissance Purple" [[Paint]] in what is visibly a modern paint can. The term "Renaissance" also first appeared in 1858.<ref name="Renaissance">Johnson, Paul. ''The Renaissance: A Short History''. Modern Library, 2000.</ref>
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| *He also says that Michelangelo is interested in sculpting the Pope's tomb; although he approached the task enthusiastically, he was specifically commissioned by the Pope to construct the tomb.<ref>Vasari, Giorgio. "Michelangelo Buonarroti." ''Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects: Translated from the Italian of Giorgio Vasari'', translated by Jonathan Foster, Henry G. Bohn, 1850, p. 246.</ref>
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| ;[[Florence]] (1505)
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| *An old fresco painter describes [[Leonardo da Vinci]] as a "Renaissance Man". Beyond how the term "Renaissance" was not used during the period.<ref name="Renaissance"/>, the whole expression first appeared in 1906.<ref>"Renaissance Man." ''Merriam-Webster'', www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Renaissance%20man. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| *The history pages say that Europe was in a 1000-year "slumber" before the Renaissance, which brought a new age of science and art. However, this completely ignores how the Middle Ages contained Renaissances of its own, including the {{wp|Carolingian Renaissance}} and the {{wp|Renaissance of the 12th century}}.
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| ;[[Germany]] (1905)
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| *[[Albert Einstein]] says that he moved to the United States in the 1930s when Mario meets him in 1905. Additionally, Einstein appears to be middle-aged, despite only being 26 years old at the time.
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| ;[[Gobi Desert]] (1292)
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| *[[Kublai Khan]] suggests that his father was {{wp|Ögedei Khan}}, despite his actual father being {{wp|Tolui}}.
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| *Several characters reference [[Marco Polo]]'s [[Book of Marco Polo]], including a merchant who gives Mario a few pages from it. However, Marco only wrote it after returning to [[Venice]], while he was imprisoned with writer {{wp|Rustichello da Pisa}}.<ref>Jackson, Peter. "Marco Polo and His 'Travels'." ''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies'', vol. 61, no. 1, 1998, pp. 84–85.</ref>
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| *Also, they are insistent on its title being "Book of Marco Polo", but this is not the actual title of the book. It is ''Les voyages de Marco Polo''<ref name="WDL Voyages">"The Travels of Marco Polo." ''WDL RSS'', National Library of Sweden, www.wdl.org/en/item/14300/. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref> (''The voyages of Marco Polo'') or ''Le Devisement du Monde''<ref>Florescu, Mihaela L. "Marco Polo's Le Devisement Du Monde – Narrative Voice, Language and Diversity by Simon Gaunt (Review)." ''Comitatus'', Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, UCLA, 20 Aug. 2014, muse.jhu.edu/article/552501.</ref> (''The Description of the World'') in French, ''Il Milione'' (''The Million'') in Italian,<ref>Polo, Marco. ''Il Milione''. Edited by Valeria Bertolucci Pizzorusso Adelphia, Letteratura Italiana Einaudi, 1975, www.letteraturaitaliana.net/pdf/Volume_1/t24.pdf. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref> and ''The Travels of Marco Polo''<ref name="WDL Voyages"/> in English. The closest name is an 1871 English translation by {{wp|Henry Yule}} titled, ''The Book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian, Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East''.<ref>Yule, Henry. ''The Book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian, Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East''. Vol. 1, John Murray, 1871.</ref>
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| *A sage claims that China had glasses when Europe did not, but this is incorrect: they were first documented in Italy in 1306,<ref>Ilardi, Vincent. "The Invention of Spectacles Revisited." ''Renaissance Vision from Spectacles to Telescopes'', vol. 259, American Philosophical Society, 2007, pp. 4–5.</ref> while none of Marco Polo's writings reference them.<ref>Needham, Joseph. "Eye-Glasses and Spectacles." ''Science and Civilisation in China'', vol. 4, Cambridge University Press, 1962, pp. 118–119. Physics and Physical Technology.</ref>
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| ;[[London]] (1595)
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| *The history pages suggest that [[Queen Elizabeth I]]'s support is what allowed [[William Shakespeare]] to flourish. Although she watched some of his plays,<ref>"Did Queen Elizabeth I or Any of the Monarchs of the Time See Any of the Tragedies or Comedies Staged at the Globe Theatre?" The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 2011, www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,,-2526,00.html. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref> she was not a patron of his.
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| ;[[London]] (1831)
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| *The [[Magnet (Mario's Time Machine)|Magnet]] item is supposedly an {{wp|electromagnet}}, and yet it resembles a {{wp|horseshoe magnet}}, which is a kind of {{wp|Magnet|permanent magnet}}.
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| *A young boy says that [[Michael Faraday]]'s first lecture within the {{wp|Royal Institution Christmas Lectures}} was ''{{wp|The Chemical History of a Candle}}''. However, not only did he give several lectures before this one, he gave it in 1848.<ref name="Christmas Lectures">"History of the CHRISTMAS LECTURES." ''Royal Institution'', 2014, www.rigb.org/christmas-lectures/history. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| *He also talks about how [[Charles Dickens]] wrote about Faraday's lectures, which he only did after Faraday had presented ''The Chemical History of a Candle''.<ref>Melville, Wayne. "Michael Faraday's Popular Science Lectures, Percival Leigh, and Charles Dickens: Science for the Masses in 'Household Words' (1850-51)." ''The Victorian Web'', 17 June 2010, www.victorianweb.org/authors/dickens/faraday2.html. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| *He also says that he is in line to become the King of England, but wants to become a scientist instead. This character is most likely intended to be either {{wp|Albert, Prince Consort}} (who only became king after marrying {{wp|Queen Victoria}} in 1840,<ref>Darby, Elisabeth and Nicola Smith. "In Mourning for Prince Albert." ''History Today'', vol. 33, no. 10, Oct. 1983, p. 22. EBSCOhost.</ref> who he only met in 1836<ref>Hobhouse, Hermione. "'The Little Fellow Is the Pendant to the Pretty Cousin'." ''Prince Albert: His Life and Work'', Hamish Hamilton Limited, 1983, pp. 15–16.</ref>) or {{wp|Edward VII}} (who was born in 1841<ref>"History - Edward VII." BBC, BBC, 2014, www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/edward_vii_king.shtml. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>); as such, neither candidate fits the time period.<ref>"Was There a King of England, or an Heir to the Throne, in 1831 Who Idolized Michael Faraday?" ''History.stackexchange.com'', 31 Aug. 2017, history.stackexchange.com/q/39949/23764. Retrieved December 19, 2017.</ref>
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| *[[Charles-Gaspard de la Rive]] discusses a lecture in which Faraday demonstrates an electromagnet by throwing a shovel, a pair of tongs, and a poker at it. Not only did this lecture take place in 1856, but he threw a {{wp|coal scuttle}} and not a shovel.<ref>Thompson, Silvanus P. "Royal Institution Lectures." ''Michael Faraday: His Life and Work'', Cassell and Company, 1901, p. 237.</ref>
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| *[[Sarah Barnard]] characterizes Faraday's former mentor, {{wp|Humphry Davy}}, as someone who was utterly jealous of Faraday's success and generally rude towards him, but that view is careless, ignoring much of the relationship between Davy and Faraday.<ref>Fraser, James. "Gallery of Literary Characters. No. LXIX. Michael Faraday, F.R.S., HON. D.C.L. OXON, Etc. Etc." ''Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country'', Feb. 1836, p. 224.</ref><ref>Knight, David M. "Davy and Faraday: Fathers and Sons." ''Faraday Rediscovered'', 1985, pp. 33–49., doi:10.1007/978-1-349-11139-8_3.</ref>
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| *She also remarks that Faraday noted that the date with the most happiness to him was the day that the two of them married. While this is true, he only noted so in 1847.<ref>Gladstone, John Hall. "Study of His Character." ''Michael Faraday'', 2010, pp. 70–71.</ref>
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| *Several characters are waiting for Faraday's upcoming lecture, but he did not give a Christmas Lecture in 1831<ref name="Christmas Lectures"/>.
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| *The history pages state that Faraday is the only scientist to have both an {{wp|International System of Units|SI unit}} and a {{wp|physical constant}} named after them. This is incorrect: [[Isaac Newton]] and {{wp|Charles-Augustin de Coulomb}} both share the honor.<ref>Wikipedia contributors. "List of scientists whose names are used as SI units." ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia'', 22 Aug. 2017. Web. 20 Dec. 2017.</ref><ref>Wikipedia contributors. "List of scientists whose names are used in physical constants." ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia'', 23 Jun. 2017. Web. 20 Dec. 2017.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[London]] (1843)
| |
| *[[Catherine Dickens]] mentions her ten children, but six of them ({{wp|Francis Dickens|Francis}}, {{wp|Alfred D'Orsay Tennyson Dickens|Alfred}}, {{wp|Sydney Smith Haldimand Dickens|Sydney}}, {{wp|Henry Fielding Dickens|Henry}}, {{wp|Dora Annie Dickens|Dora}}, and {{wp|Edward Dickens|Edward}}) were born after 1843.
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| *She also references ''{{wp|David Copperfield}}'', which was first serialized from 1849 to 1850 and first published in 1850.<ref>Dickens, Charles. "The Personal History of David Copperfield." ''Abebooks.com'', Bradbury & Evans, www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=22648973147.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Luoyang]] (105 AD)
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| *Emperor [[Ho Ti]] says that [[Ts'ai Lun]] produced amazing weapons for him in AD 97, and he promoted him as a result; this actually took place in AD 89.<ref>Needham, Joseph, and Tsuen-hsuin Tsien. "Paper and Printing." ''Science and Civilisation in China'', vol. 5, Cambridge University Press, 1985, p. 40. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 1.</ref>
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| *He also gives Mario some [[Money]] specifically made of paper, despite the fact that the first paper banknotes were circulated in 1024.<ref>Headrick, Daniel R. "An Age of Global Interactions." ''Technology: A World History'', Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 85.</ref>
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| *Several characters state that Ts'ai Lun is the first person to have created paper. Although he refined the process,<ref>Needham, Joseph, and Tsuen-hsuin Tsien. "Paper and Printing." ''Science and Civilisation in China'', vol. 5, Cambridge University Press, 1985, p. 41. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 1.</ref> there are examples of paper before Ts'ai Lun's contribution.<ref>Needham, Joseph, and Tsuen-hsuin Tsien. "Paper and Printing." ''Science and Civilisation in China'', vol. 5, Cambridge University Press, 1985, p. 2. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 1.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Mainz]] (1455)
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| *Mario receives a [[Tea Bag]] from a librarian, despite tea bags first being created in the opening years of the 1900s and only being commercially available in the 1920s.<ref>Begley, Sarah. "The History of the Tea Bag." ''Time'', 3 Sept. 2015, time.com/3996712/a-brief-history-of-the-tea-bag/. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref>
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| *The same librarian says that Gutenberg loved to read books as a kid, but not much is actually known about Gutenberg's early life.<ref>Wallau, Heinrich. "Johann Gutenberg.” The Catholic Encyclopedia, Robert Appleton Company, www.newadvent.org/cathen/07090a.htm. Retrieved December 20, 2017</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Menlo Park]] (1879)
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| *A hardware store clerk says that he has all of [[Thomas Edison]]'s phonograph records, including "{{wp|Mary Had a Little Lamb}}". While Edison did indeed test his invention with the poem,<ref>Stross, Randolph. "The Incredible Talking Machine." ''TIME.com'', 23 June 2010, web.archive.org/web/20130817090940/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1999143_1999210_1999211,00.html. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref> this recording was not publicly available.
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| *A hotel owner mentions Edison's creation of an {{wp|alkaline battery}}, which he only patented in 1904.<ref>Edison, Thomas. Edison Storage Battery Co. ''Alkaline Battery''. No. US 827297 A, 1904.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Novato]] (1993/1994)
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| *In the PC version, Mario travels to 1993 (1994 in the ''Deluxe'' re-release) and helps the development team finish the "Time Machine" game.
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| | |
| ;[[Orleans]] (1429)
| |
| *[[Joan of Arc]]'s [[Shield (Mario's Time Machine)|Shield]] depicts her coat of arms, but the game takes place during the siege on the Tourelles (which took place on May 7<ref>"Orleans." ''The Encyclopædia Britannica'', 11th ed., vol. 20, Cambridge University Press, 1911, p. 287.</ref>) and her coat of arms was only granted to her on June 2.<ref>"Joan of Arc's Coat of Arms." ''Maid of Heaven'', Maid of Heaven Foundation, 2007, www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_coat_of_arms.asp. Retrieved December 29, 2017.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Trinidad|Pacific Ocean]] (1521)
| |
| *[[Juan Sebastian Del Cano]] describes [[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s wanderlust, and how he wants to travel the world simply for the sake of it. However, from the start, his intention was to discover a route to the {{wp|Maluku Islands}}.<ref>Guillemard, Francis Henry Hill. "The Passage of the Strait." ''The Life of Ferdinand Magellan and the First Circumnavigation of the Globe: 1480-1521'', George Phillip & Son, 1891, pp. 67, 82, 93, & 102.</ref>
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| *Also, though the game spells his name as "Del Cano", which is a misspelling.<ref>Múgica, S. "Elcano y No Cano." Euskomedia.org, www.euskomedia.org/PDFAnlt/riev/11/11194213.pdf.</ref>
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| *Mario gives a [[Telescope (Trinidad)|Telescope]] to Juan, despite them being first patented in 1608.<ref>Helden, Albert von. "The Telescope." ''The Galileo Project'', 1995, galileo.rice.edu/sci/instruments/telescope.html.</ref>
| |
| *Mario receives a [[Rat Trap]] holding a {{wp|Mousetrap#Spring-loaded_bar_mousetrap|spring-loaded bar}} from the ship's bosun, despite this being first patented in 1894.<ref>Hooker, William C. ''Animal-trap''. No. US 827297 A, Nov 6, 1894.</ref>
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| *Ferdinand suddenly decides to give the {{wp|Strait of Magellan}} its name after an off-hand comment from Mario. However, he called it the "Estrecho de Todos los Santos" ("Channel of All Saints"), after {{wp|All Saints' Day}}; his crew was the one who named the ship after their captain.<ref>Guillemard, Francis Henry Hill. "The Passage of the Strait." ''The Life of Ferdinand Magellan and the First Circumnavigation of the Globe: 1480-1521'', George Phillip & Son, 1891, pp. 213–214.</ref><ref>Murphy, Patrick J., and Ray W. Coye. "Magellan." ''Mutiny and Its Bounty: Leadership Lessons from the Age of Discovery'', Yale University Press, 2013, p. 63.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Padua]] (1610)
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| *When contrasting [[Galileo Galilei]]'s ideas, the text-only discusses Aristotle's original {{wp|geocentric model}} of the solar system's orbit while failing to bring up {{wp|Tycho Brahe}}'s {{wp|Tychonic system}}, which was also prevalent at the time.<ref>Finocchiaro, Maurice A. "Introduction." ''Retrying Galileo'', 1633–1992, University of California Press, 2007, p. 5.</ref>
| |
| *The [[Compass]] that Mario obtains is described as being used for measuring "ratio and proportions", despite resembling {{wp|Compass (drawing tool)|the drawing instrument}} used for drawing circles and not a {{wp|Sector (instrument)|proportional compass}}.
| |
| *A poet claims that the word "telescope" comes from the Greek words ''tele'' and ''scope''; it is actually a combination of ''tele'' (τῆλε) and ''skopein'' (σκοπεῖν).
| |
| **Also, the term "telescope" was first coined in 1612.<ref>Fahie, J. J. "Fourth Visit to Rome - Return to Florence." ''Galileo: His Life And Work'', John Murray, 1903, p. 210.</ref>
| |
| *The history pages state that Galileo listened to a lecture on astronomy that convinced him to pursue mathematics; the lecture was actually about geometry.<ref>Asimov, Isaac. "Galileo." ''Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology'', 2nd ed., Doubleday, 1982, p. 100.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Paris]] (1885)
| |
| *A waiter claims that [[Louis Pasteur]] was the first person to discover {{wp|microorganism}}s, ignoring the previous work of scientist {{wp|Antonie van Leeuwenhoek}}.<ref>Lane, Nick. "The Unseen World: Reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) 'Concerning Little Animals'." ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences'', vol. 370, no. 1666, 19 Apr. 2015, doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0344.</ref>
| |
| **The history pages also assert that Louis was the first person to discuss that microorganisms travel through the air, ignoring both Leeuwenhoek and the analyses of {{wp|Marcus Terentius Varro}}.<ref>Varro, Marcus Terentius. "Varro on Agriculture." Edited by Bill Thayer. Translated by W. D. Hooper and H. B. Ash, ''LacusCurtius'', University of Chicago, 2014, penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/varro/de_re_rustica/1*.html. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *The same waiter also says that Louis set up night classes for workers like him; though technically true, this is misleading, as his classes were open to the general public.<ref>Debré, Patrice. "Fermentations and Life." ''Louis Pasteur'', translated by Elborg Forster, John Hopkins University Press, 1998, p. 85.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Philadelphia]] (1752)
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| *Mario obtains a [[Penny (item)|Penny]] from a constable, despite the first American pennies only being minted in 1793.<ref>[https://www.allcoinvalues.com/united-states-of-america/united-states-of-america-penny-281-cent29-values.html One Cent values - United States]. ''AllCoinValues.com''. Retrieved December 6, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *The same constable also suggests that [[Benjamin Franklin]] is responsible for cobblestone roads; cobblestone was used since Antiquity,<ref>Noonan, Jennifer. "A Brief History of Cobblestones." ''Bob Vila'', 27 Sept. 2012, www.bobvila.com/articles/the-history-of-cobblestones/. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref> and Benjamin's contribution was to improving how the roads were maintained.<ref>Kidwell-Ross, Ranger. "The History of the Sweeping Business." ''worldsweeper.com'', 2005, www.worldsweeper.com/History/v6n2franklin.html. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *[[Deborah Read]] sells Mario a {{wp|postage stamp}} for a local library's mailing list, despite the first American stamps being introduced in 1842.<ref>"U.S. Postage Stamps." United States Postal Service, c. 2017, about.usps.com/publications/pub100/pub100_022.htm. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *She also attributes the quote "Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise" to Benjamin, despite it appearing in a book published over 100 years earlier.<ref>Clarke, John. "Diligentia." ''Paroemiologia Anglo-Latina in Usum Scholarum Concinnata. Or Proverbs English, and Latine, Methodically Disposed According to the Common-Place Heads, in Erasmus His Adages. Very Use-Full and Delightfull for All Sorts of Men, on All Occasions. More Especially Profitable for Scholars for the Attaining Elegancie, Sublimitie, and Varietie of the Best Expressions'', imprinted by Felix Kyngston for Robert Mylbourne, 1639, p. 91, quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?cc=eebo;c=eebo;idno=a18943.0001.001;node=A18943.0001.001%3A86.2;seq=200. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *She also attributes the quote "A penny saved is a penny earned" to him, despite there being no proof for him ever saying it.<ref>Martin, Gary. "A Penny Saved Is a Penny Earned." The Phrase Finder, c. 2017, www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/a-penny-saved-is-a-penny-earned.html. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Philadelphia]] (1776)
| |
| *An innkeeper calls the American army the "Continental Forces" and not the {{wp|Continental Army}}.
| |
| *Benjamin Franklin brings up [[Thomas Jefferson]]'s {{wp|Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom}}, which he drafted in 1777 and introduced in 1779.<ref>"Act for Establishing Religious Freedom." ''Education from LVA'', Library of Virginia, edu.lva.virginia.gov/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/doc/religious_freedom. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *Though the game depicts Thomas and the other {{wp|Founding Fathers of the United States}} signing the [[Declaration of Independence]] on July 4, this event took place on August 2; July 4 was when Congress approved the document.<ref>Bomboy, Scott. "On This Day, the Declaration of Independence Is Officially Signed." National Constitution Center, 2 Aug. 2017, constitutioncenter.org/blog/on-this-day-the-declaration-of-independence-is-officially-signed. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *The history pages describe Thomas Jefferson's book collection as "the nucleus of the {{wp|U.S. Library of Congress|Library of Congress}}." This is slightly misleading: the Library of Congress was founded in 1800,<ref>"The Library of Congress, 1800-1992." ''Jefferson's Legacy'', Library of Congress, 2006, www.loc.gov/loc/legacy/loc.html. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref> and he sold his personal collection to the library in 1812.<ref>"Thomas Jefferson." ''LibraryThing'', 3 Sept. 2007, www.librarything.com/profile/ThomasJefferson. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Stratford-upon-Avon]] (1601)
| |
| *Numerous characters quote lines from [[William Shakespeare]]'s plays. For example, [[Anne Hathaway]] says "Is this a dagger I see before me, the handle toward my hand?" from ''{{wp|Macbeth}}'' (believed to have been written in 1606<ref>(2014). [http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/english/macbeth/background/revision/1/ Macbeth: Background]. ''BBC.com''. Retrieved December 6, 2017.</ref>), and an unnamed man quotes "O brave new world, that has such people in't" from {{wp|The Tempest}} (believed to have been written in 1611<ref>Bevington, David (April 26, 2017). [https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Tempest The Tempest]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved December 6, 2017.</ref>)
| |
| **The wording of many quotes also slightly differ from their sources, though this was most likely done to better integrate them into the dialogue.
| |
| *[[Richard Burbage]] claims that Shakespeare has written "some 24" plays; although certain sources line up with this statement,<ref>Chambers, Edmund Kerchever. ''William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems'', 1st ed., vol. 1, Oxford University, 1930, pp. 270–271.</ref> it is generally difficult to precisely determine when each play was written.<ref>Wikipedia contributors. "Romeo and Juliet", "Date and time" section. ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia'', 16 Dec. 2017. Web. 16 Dec. 2017.</ref>
| |
| *An unnamed man in Stratford-upon-Avon brings up the theories that Shakespeare's plays were actually written by {{wp|Francis Bacon}} or by {{wp|Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford}}. This is despite those theories first appearing in 1857<ref>Bacon, Delia (1857). ''The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspeare Unfolded''. Groombridge and Sons, London.</ref> and 1920,<ref>Looney, J. Thomas (1920). ''"Shakespeare" identified in Edward De Vere, the seventeenth earl of Oxford''. C. Palmer, London.</ref> respectively.
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| | |
| ;[[Tuskegee]] (1915)
| |
| *The game shows [[Booker T. Washington]] and [[Henry Ford]] working together, despite never meeting in real life.
| |
| *Booker says that Carver was the "the first man of color to receive a master's degree in agriculture"; though he was the first black student of {{wp|Iowa State University}},<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20140505171139/http://www.add.lib.iastate.edu/spcl/arch/rgrp/21-7-2.html RS 21/7/2 George Washington Carver Collection, 1893-(Ongoing).]" Lib.iastate.edu, Iowa State University Library (Wayback Archive). Retrieved September 8, 2017</ref> there is nothing to confirm that he was the first to receive that degree.
| |
| *He also says that Carver was the first person to discover that rubber can be extracted from {{wp|goldenrod}}, when Thomas Edison had already experimented with the plant after making the discovery himself.<ref>Thibeault, Marie-Hélène. "Scientists Learn to Make Rubber from Lettuce." UToday, University of Calgary, 28 Jan. 2015, www.ucalgary.ca/utoday/issue/2015-01-28/scientists-learn-make-rubber-lettuce.</ref>
| |
| *Henry Ford only met [[George Washington Carver]] long after 1915<ref>"History.com Staff". (2009) [http://web.archive.org/web/20160405070513/http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/george-washington-carver-begins-experimental-project-with-henry-ford George Washington Carver begins experimental project with Henry Ford]. ''History.com'' (Wayback Archive). Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *Henry Ford states that Carver was freed from slavery in 1863 with the {{wp|Emancipation Proclamation}}. Though technically true, Carver was born in {{wp|Missouri}}, which was not part of the {{wp|Confederate States of America}}, which was what the Emancipation Proclamation was specific towards; thus, Carver was only freed with the end of the {{wp|American Civil War}} and the ratification of the {{wp|Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution}}.<ref>Kremer, Gary R. "Timeline." George Washington Carver: A Biography, Greenwood, 2011, p. xiii.</ref>
| |
| *He also says that Carver's inventions with peanuts are worth a lot of money, despite none of them turning a profit.<ref>McMurry, Linda O. “George Washington Carver, Scientist and Symbol.” George Washington Carver, Scientist and Symbol, Oxford University Press, 1982, p. 196.</ref>
| |
| *The history pages claim that Carver was widely known as the "Root Doctor"; beyond the fact that he was very infrequently called that, a "root doctor" was a term that described people using {{wp|Hoodoo (folk magic)|Hoodoo}} (a kind of voodoo magic), and not a proper noun as the game uses it.<ref>Hutchins, Zachary. "[http://docsouth.unc.edu/highlights/carver.html George Washington Carver: Advocate for Southern Farmers.]" ''docsouth.unc.edu'', Documenting the American South, 2004. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *They also claim that Carver turned down an offer to work at Thomas Edison's lab for a salary of $100,000. The offer was genuine, but the salary is likely an exaggeration on Carver's part.<ref>"Did George Washington Carver Really Turn Down A Job Offer from Edison?" ''Thomas A. Edison Papers'', Rutgers University, 28 Oct. 2016, edison.rutgers.edu/myth.htm.</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Vienna]] (1791)
| |
| *[[Constanze Mozart]] says that [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]'s father, {{wp|Leopold Mozart}}, died "three years ago", when it was actually four years ago in 1787.<ref>Bjornstad, William. "Leopold Mozart (1719-1787)." ''Find A Grave Memorial'', 4 June 1998, www.findagrave.com/memorial/3017.</ref>
| |
| *An opera singer claims to be preparing to act in Wolfgang's ''{{wp|Così fan tutte}}'', even though performances for the opera ended in 1790 and only began anew in 1794.<ref>Brown, Bruce Alan. "The myth of the failed premiere." ''W.A. Mozart: Cosi fan tutte'', Cambridge University Press, 1995, pp. 163–164.</ref>
| |
| *The same singer also mentions that the opera was commissioned by "the Emperor" (supposedly {{wp|Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph II}}), although modern evidence suggests this to not be the case.<ref>Brown, Bruce Alan. "Genesis." ''W.A. Mozart: Cosi fan tutte'', Cambridge University Press, 1995, p. 10.</ref>
| |
| *[[Joseph Haydn]] is shown to be still in Vienna in 1791, despite him leaving for London in 1790.<ref>Townsend, Pauline D. "First Visit to London." ''Joseph Haydn'', edited by Francis Hueffer, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, 1884, p. 84.</ref> He also stayed there until Wolfgang's death in 1791.<ref>Hughes, Rosemary. ''Haydn'', Dent, 1956, p. 78.</ref>
| |
| *Haydn and the history pages claim that Mozart wrote his first symphony when he was six years old; he was actually eight.<ref>Sadie, Stanley. "Playing for the English Court." ''Mozart: The Early Years 1756-1781'', Oxford University Press, 2006, pp. 63–66.</ref>
| |
| *Wolfgang becomes instantly inspired to compose ''{{wp|The Magic Flute}}'' after seeing a [[Flute (Mario's Time Machine)|Flute]], despite him actually pulling inspiration from a number of sources (none of which seemingly included a physical flute).<ref>Branscombe, Peter. "Sources." ''W.A. Mozart, Die Zauberflöte'', Cambridge University Press, 1991.</ref>
| |
| *The history pages state that Constanze's nickname for Wolfgang was "Wolfie". This comes from the film ''{{wp|Amadeus (film)|Amadeus}}'', which is a highly fictionalized telling of Wolfgang's life. Constanze never once called him "Wolfie" in reality.<ref>"Was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Ever Called 'Wolfi' or 'Wolfie' by His Wife?" ''history.stackexchange.com'', 5 Sept. 2017, history.stackexchange.com/questions/40045.</ref>
| |
| *They also say that Wolfgang was appointed as a concertmaster in 1769 when he was thirteen; it was actually in 1773 when he was seventeen.<ref>"Who Is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart? Everything You Need to Know." ''thefamouspeople.com'', www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-479.php. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>{{better source}}
| |
| *They also claim that he was buried in an unmarked grave because he was poor, when this was standard practice at the time.<ref>Wilde, Robert. "Why Mozart Wasn't Buried in a Pauper's Grave." ''ThoughtCo'', Jul. 2, 2017, thoughtco.com/where-was-mozart-buried-1221267. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| *They also claim that the location of his burial site is unknown; although it is not completely certain that Wolfgang rests there, he does have a burial site that was erected in the 1800s.<ref>Brownlow, Mark. "Mozart's Grave." ''Visiting Vienna'', 3 May 2016, www.visitingvienna.com/footsteps/mozarts-grave/. Retrieved December 30, 2017</ref>
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| | |
| ;[[Vienna]] (1824)
| |
| *An innkeeper claims that [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] "threatened" to premiere his {{wp|Symphony No. 9 (Beethoven)|Ninth Symphony}} in Germany instead of Austria. This is slightly misleading: Beethoven considered performing in {{wp|Berlin}} in response to (what he perceived to be) a decline in musical taste within Vienna, but in response, numerous Viennese citizens convinced him to stay while praising his talent.<ref>Sachs, Harvey. "A Grand Symphony with Many Voices." ''The Ninth: Beethoven and the World in 1824'', Random House Publishing Group, 2011, pp. 29–32.</ref>
| |
| *The history pages claim that Ludwig gave his first concert at age eight, when he was actually seven.<ref>Thayer, Alexander Wheelock. "Paucity of Intellectual Training." ''The Life of Ludwig Van Beethoven'', edited by Henry Edward Krehbiel, vol. 1, The Beethoven Association, www.gutenberg.org/files/43591/43591-h/43591-h.htm.</ref>
| |
| | |
| ;[[Washington, D.C.]] (1863)
| |
| *[[Mary Todd Lincoln]] is characterized as being forgetful and scatterbrained. Aside from her losing sanity progressively in life, there is no evidence of her acting this way in real life.
| |
| *[[Frederick Douglass]] visits the [[White House]] on the day of [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s {{wp|Emancipation Proclamation}}, on January 1; in reality, he visited sometime in the summer.<ref name="McFeely">McFeely, William S. "Fort Wagner." ''Frederick Douglass'', W. W. Norton & Company, 2017. ''Google Books'', books.google.ca/books?id=6GGHDgAAQBAJ. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
| |
| **Additionally, he visited to discuss the issue of black soldiers in the army, not the abolition of slavery.<ref name="McFeely"/>
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| | |
| ==Reception==
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| Since its release, ''Mario's Time Machine'' has received negative reception. It holds an aggregate score of 60.25% on Game Rankings based on two reviews. Nintendo Power gave it a 10.6 out of 20, while Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it a slightly better rating of 6.75 out of 10. GameSpy's Brian Altano and Brian Miggels criticized the ending of the NES version for its depiction of Bowser crying.<ref>Altano, Brian, and Brian Miggels.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090815224512/http://www.gamespy.com:80/articles/101/1013829p1.html "The Worst NES Endings, and Why We Deserved Better."] GameSpy, 14 Aug. 2009. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref> The {{wp|Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}'s ''{{wp|Good Game (TV program)|Good Game}}'' described it as one of many "awful" games that used the ''Super Mario'' license, and said that it was "too complicated" for its young target audience.<ref>"Edutainment." ''Good Game'', ABC, 11 May 2009, www.abc.net.au/tv/goodgame/stories/s2567035.htm. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref> Similarly, authors David Wesley and Gloria Barczak include both it and ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'' in the "flood" of poor-quality 1990s ''Super Mario'' games and media made by third parties with no supervision from Nintendo, accusing these two games, ''[[Mario's FUNdamentals]]'', and the ''[[Super Mario Bros. (film)|Super Mario Bros.]]'' film of "nearly destroy[ing]" the entire franchise.<ref>Wesley, David T. A., and Gloria Barczak. "Nintendo's Dark Ages." ''Innovation and Marketing in the Video Game Industry: Avoiding the Performance Trap'', CRC Press, 2016, p. 40.</ref> Patrick Felicia, who focuses on learning through video games, criticizes ''Mario's Time Machine'' and ''Mario is Missing!'' for their "mismatch" between the gameplay and the presentation, while also praising ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' due to everything being in service of platforming.<ref>Felicia, Patrick. "Matching Basic (Cognitive) Activities." ''Handbook of Research on Improving Learning and Motivation through Educational Games: Multidisciplinary Approaches'', Information Science Reference, 2011, p. 334.</ref>
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| {|cellpadding="4" style="float:left; border: 2px solid black; width:100%; font-size: 100%; text-align: center; margin:5px;" class="wikitable review template"
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| !colspan="4" style="font-size:120%; text-align: center; background-color:silver"|Reviews
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| |-style="background-color:#E6E6E6"
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| |Release
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| |Reviewer, Publication
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| |Score
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| |Comment
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| |-
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| |[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]
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| |Steve Grant, [http://www.somethingawful.com/rom-pit/mariotimemachine/ SomethingAwful]
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| | -42/-50
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| |''"'''Defining Moment:''' Beethoven telling me to "Go away." As always, I should have listened."''
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| |-
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| |PC
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| |"EW Staff", [http://ew.com/article/1994/11/11/pc-game-review-marios-time-machine-deluxe/ EW]
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| |B-
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| |''"As much fun as the game can be, its graphics are incessantly ho-hum, and much of what the producers have the audacity to call music is downright annoying."''
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| |-
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| |SNES
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| |"The Cubist", [http://nerdbacon.com/marios-time-machine-snes/ Nerd Bacon]
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| |5.5/10
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| |''"In the end Mario's Time Machine is just another educational game as advertised, but it exceeded my expectations as such, if nothing else due to its strengths compared to Mario is Missing! and its relatively robust dissemination of historical information of note. Much like Mario is Missing!, this isn't really a game you'll need or even want to play, though it's a decent example of education done right, at least mostly so."''
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| |-
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| |SNES
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| |Nintendo Power
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| |10.6/20
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| |''"Unlike Carmen Sandiego games, you don't have to know the subject to play the Game. You can actually learn a thing or two. [However,] Non-intuitive commands can make the game frustrating to control. Players expecting a traditional [[Super Mario (franchise)|Super Mario]] game will not find it here."''
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| |-
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| !colspan="4" style="background-color:silver; font-size:120%; text-align: center;"|Aggregators
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| |-style="background-color:#E6E6E6"
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| |colspan=2|Compiler
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| |colspan=2|Platform / Score
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| |-
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| |colspan=2|GameRankings
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| |colspan=2|[http://www.gamerankings.com/snes/588469-marios-time-machine/index.html 60.25%] (SNES)
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| |}
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| {{br}}
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| ==Development==
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| According to programmer Carlos Justiniano, ''Mario's Time Machine'' was behind schedule when he began working on it, and the team developed it over the course of several weeks.<ref>[http://carlosjustiniano.com/work.html Carlos Justiniano's personal website]. Retrieved September 11, 2017.</ref> Lead artist Maude Church, who worked primarily on adding animations to ''Mario's Time Machine Deluxe'', also said that [[Nintendo]] did not interfere with the game's development; they were mostly concerned with how Mario looked.<ref name="Maude Interview">[[mb:posts/1969551|Interview with Maude Church]] (2017). ''Mario Boards''. Retrieved October 7, 2017.</ref> The team was also focused on being historically accurate - though for the final level that featured the game's developers within the game itself, it was simply a "little personal moment with a laugh".<ref name="Maude Interview"/>
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| ==References to other games==
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| *''[[Donkey Kong Jr. (game)|Donkey Kong Jr.]]'': The titular character makes a cameo as a painting in the NES version of the game.
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| *''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'': The method of collecting objects in the Nintendo Entertainment System version involves defeating three [[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]]s in a style similar to this game. Unlike in the original game, the pipes are able to be entered by Mario, and can be used to exit to the main part of the museum.
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| *''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'': Bowser's sprite in the NES version appears to be a modified version of his sprite from this game. The [[Koopalings]] have a cameo as statues and torches throughout the castle. The DOS sprite of Bowser appears to be based on the artwork from this game.
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| *''[[Super Mario World]]'': Most of the other sprites in the NES version, including those for Mario, Yoshi, and the Koopas, are those from this game, though modified to fit the graphical limitations of the NES. A number of other assets directly reference this game, such as the opening where Mario and Yoshi walk up to Bowser's Museum, which is identical to the cutscene shown before Mario enters a [[Ghost House]] or [[Castle]], except Yoshi runs inside the museum after Mario dismounts him rather than waiting outside. Most of the music cues in the SNES version, and the non-time period music cues in the MS-DOS and PC versions, are direct arrangements of music cues from ''Super Mario World'': for example, the SNES title screen music is an arrangement of the [[Vanilla Dome]] theme which also incorporates the melody from ''Super Mario World''{{'}}s [[Castle]] theme. Finally, the Dinosaur Egg in the NES version also bears some slight resemblance to a [[Yoshi's Egg|Yoshi's egg]].
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| *''[[Mario is Missing!]]'': The boxart of this game cameos in the scene with [[David Grenewetzki]]. In addition to that, Bowser's walking sprites from the PC version's ending is very clearly based off of Bowser's walking sprites from the MS-DOS release of this game. The music used for [[Rome]] and [[Montreal]] is reused in Cambridge University in the NES version of both games.
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| ==Gallery==
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| ===Logo===
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| <gallery>
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| MariosTimeMachineLogo.png|Logo
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| </gallery>
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| ===Box art===
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| <gallery>
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| Mario's Time Machine Box Art.jpg|[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]] box art.
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| NES Box - Mario's Time Machine.png|[[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] box art.
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| MTM Cover.jpg|PC version box art
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| </gallery>
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| ===Screenshots===
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| <gallery>
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| MTMDosTitle.png|The title screen for the MS-DOS version.
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| MTM SNES Title Screen.png|The title screen for the SNES version.
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| MTM NES Title Screen.png|The title screen of the NES version.
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| Timulator in MiM SNES opening.png|Bowser and his Koopas with the [[Timulator]].
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| MTM SNES Time Surfing.png|Mario "Time Surfing".
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| MTM SNES Declaration of Independence Returned.png|Mario returns the Declaration of Independence.
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| MTM SNES Orleans.png|Mario in Orleans.
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| MTM SNES Bowser Flees.png|Bowser appears.
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| MTM SNES Bad Ending 1.png|Ending #1: Paradise, the place where Bowser makes his escape.
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| MTM SNES Bad Ending 2.png|Ending #2: The text indicates that the player made a mistake.
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| MTM SNES Good Ending.png|Ending #3: A dinosaur foot starting to crush Bowser.
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| MTM Paradise.png|Ending #1: PC version.
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| </gallery>
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| ===Sprites===
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| ====MS-DOS====
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| <gallery>
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| Malleo in Mario’s Time Machine (MS-DOS).png|[[Mario]]
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| MarioTimeMachineWalkMS-DOS.gif|Mario
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| BowserMTMWalk.gif|[[Bowser]]
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| BowserMTM.PNG|Bowser
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| BowserTimeMachineDos.gif|Bowser
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| MTMBowserMS-DOS.png|Bowser (Opening cutscene)
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| LudwigVonKoopaInMario'sTimeMachinePC.gif|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]] (unused sprite)
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| LudwigVonKoopaInMario'sTimeMachinePCJump.gif|Ludwig (unused sprite)
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| LudwigVonKoopaInMario'sTimeMachinePCSpikeless.png|Ludwig (unused sprite)
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| MTMPC-KoopaTroopa.png|[[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]]
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| KoopaTroopTimeMachineMSDOS.gif|Koopa
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| Bullet Bill MTMDX.png|[[Bullet Bill]]
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| CastleMapMTMPC.png|The castle backgrounds from the MS-DOS version
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| Mainz leatherworker MTMDX.png|A leatherworker on the MS-DOS version
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| Mainz librarian MTMDX.png|A librarian on the MS-DOS version
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| Mainz scribe MTMDX.png|A scribe on the MS-DOS version
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| Mainz metalworker MTMDX.png|A metalworker on the MS-DOS version
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| David Grenewetzki MTMDX.png|[[David Grenewetzki]] in the MS-DOS version
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| </gallery>
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| ====SNES====
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| <gallery>
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| Mario in Mario's Time Machine.png|[[Mario]]
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| BowserRunsTimeMachineSnes.gif|[[Bowser]]
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| </gallery>
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| ====NES====
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| <gallery>
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| Mario In Mario's Time Machine (NES).png|[[Mario]]
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| MTM NES Yoshi sprite.png|[[Yoshi]]
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| BowserMTMNES.png|[[Bowser]]
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| BowserMTMNESHurt.gif|Bowser
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| MTMNES-KoopaTroopa.png|[[Koopa Troopa|Koopa]]
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| MTMNES-YellowKoopaTroopa.png|Koopa
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| Bodyslam Koopa.png|[[Bodyslam Koopa]]
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| Walking Turnip.png|[[Walking Turnip]]
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| </gallery>
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| ==Pre-release and unused content==
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| Despite not appearing in the game, aside from a banner with his head on it inside of Bowser's Museum, sprites for [[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]] walking are in the CD-ROM version of the game. They are stored as a bitmap file on the game disk under the name "MUSEUM/LUDW.BMP".
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| In the first page of the SNES version's instruction booklet, there is a very rough version of Bowser and his Koopas with the Timulator; the latter resembles the DOS version, although it is still a different design.
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| <gallery>
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| LudwigVonKoopaInMario'sTimeMachinePCSheet.png|The unused Ludwig sprites.
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| Timulator in MiM SNES manual.png|An early opening scene.
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| </gallery>
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| ==Media==
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| {{main-media}}
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| {{media table
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| |file1=MTM SNES Title Screen.oga
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| |title1=Title Screen
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| }}
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| ==Names in other languages==
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| {{foreign names
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| |Ger=''Marios Zeitmaschine''
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| |GerM=''Mario's Time Machine''
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| |Fra=''Mario et la machine à remonter le temps''
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| |FraM=''Mario and the time machine''
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| }}
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| ==Staff==
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| {{main|List of Mario's Time Machine staff}}
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| ==References==
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| {{NIWA|StrategyWiki=1}}
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| <references/>
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| {{MTM}}
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| {{Super Mario games}}
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| {{Computer}}
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| {{SNES}}
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| {{NES}}
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| [[Category:Mario's Time Machine|*]]
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| [[Category:Games]]
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| [[Category:Educational games]]
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| [[Category:Nintendo Entertainment System games]]
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| [[Category:Super Nintendo Entertainment System games]]
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| [[Category:1993 games]]
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| [[Category:1994 games]]
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| [[Category:MS-DOS games]]
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| [[de:Mario's Time Machine]] | | [[de:Mario's Time Machine]] |
| [[it:Mario's Time Machine]] | | [[it:Mario's Time Machine]] |
